After historic flooding to Fort Randall Dam, located in South Dakota, inspections made it clear there needed to be repairs toward the dam to promise long term stability. In order to reduce concrete shrinkage for such a large product, the owner chose to use PREVent-C admixture at a 5% dosage rate in their specialty concrete mix design. With 130,000 dowel anchors being required to be drilled into the concrete, PREVent-C would help the amount of strain it would create to the concrete.

If its equipment and you do something to keep it running, make it run or make it run better then it’s maintenance. If its equipment and you modify it or move it, that’s not maintenance. If you build, construct or install something, you can’t maintain it until it exists. Wait, there’s more . . .   All equipment is in a constant state of deterioration. That’s why PM is ‘detection oriented.’ The idea is to find the problem and fix it before it blows up!   An overhaul can’t be PM as some think. When an overhaul is required there is so much wrong with the equipment that it must be removed from service. There is nothing left to prevent.   Overhauls and rebuilds are not the same thing. You rebuild the truck engine. And you overhaul the truck.   If your objective is to avoid premature equipment failure and extend equipment life, it’s PM.   If the idea is to use continuous monitoring to asses equipment performance to extend equipment life and avoid the consequences of failure its Reliability Centered Maintenance (RCM). And if you are trying to identify the causes of failure and reduce or eliminate them, you must be able to define reliability. Try this:    Reliability – A measure of the capability of a unit of production equipment, process or circuit to operate at designed capacity within its specified operating envelope while adhering to prescribed maintenance requirements within a designated time period and meet established levels of product output or service duration.     Other stuff  - -     When maintenance has not determined which work requires planning, bad stuff happens. First, planners are overcome with processing work orders for jobs that don’t need planning. Then, by the time the maintenance supervisors are alerted, these small jobs have become emergency repairs. And, when the planner realizes he has been conned into ‘the work order administrator’ he has no time left to plan anything.   The term ‘CMMS’ doesn’t really exist. Few maintenance organizations have a dedicated information system. Most use a work order system which is part of a fully-integrated system also used for inventory control, payroll or purchase order tracking all tied to an accounting. It’s a mystery why other departments think the work order system is the exclusive means of maintenance work control. If you do work - - of any kind - - like road grading in the pit - - use the work order system.      The most successful maintenance managers are those who have figured out that they need help from other departments and have managed to tell them how!   The best mine or plant managers are those who recognize that maintenance needs help from other departments and verifies that they get it.   Operations supervisors are really diplomats. They must ensure that operators don’t bust the equipment while trying to find out what maintenance really does and how to get it.   Maintenance craftsmen are actually ‘frustrated art appreciators’. They know that well-planned work make their jobs easier and allows them to perform higher quality work.   Maintenance foremen have the most difficult jobs in industry. No matter who busted the equipment or who is responsible for the ‘no show’ preceding the sudden failure, it’s their fault!   In the view of most operations folks, ‘downtime’ is only a maintenance term.                   

After historic flooding to Fort Randall Dam, located in South Dakota, inspections made it clear there needed to be repairs toward the dam to promise long term stability. In order to reduce concrete shrinkage for such a large product, the owner chose to use PREVent-C admixture at a 5% dosage rate in their specialty concrete mix design. With 130,000 dowel anchors being required to be drilled into the concrete, PREVent-C would help the amount of strain it would create to the concrete.

How Much Does It Cost To Operate a Crusher? By Chris Nawalaniec Crushing equipment is the heart of an industrial material-processing system. The size reduction choice you make will have a profound impact on the profitability of your business. When the right choice is made, you should expect many years of profitable operation. How do you make the right crusher choice? Crushers are not glamourous. They are brute force workhorses and what they do is simple, really. Size-reduction equipment in all forms is adding energy to a material to make big pieces smaller. Simple, right? Cost versus Value What does it cost or what is it worth? Producers need to keep that simple equation in mind. We all have to keep our eye on the ball and stay focused on profitability. What are Crushing Costs? Capital acquisition cost Base machine Structures and chutes Motors, drives, guards Energy consumption per unit produced Electricity Compressed air Wear parts cost Normal maintenance Planned downtime Lubrication costs Oil Grease Major repairs Infrequent maintenance Unplanned downtime Labor Normal maintenance Special or unique tools required When the above costs are all accounted for, they are used to quantify the production costs related to size reduction and are expressed in cost per unit of measure production. For example, $0.50 per tph. What Does Value Mean? There are always opportunities to buy a machine at a lower upfront cost. This usually translates into paying higher operating costs over the life of the equipment. Higher service labor cost. Higher wear parts costs. Higher energy costs. Often there is a justifiable case to spend additional capital dollars for the better machine. When evaluating crushing equipment suppliers, crusher manufacturers should quantify both costs: purchase price and operating costs. Before you purchase, ask for reference customers to visit. Selecting Equipment Why are there so many types of equipment? Our team brainstormed this question, and we came up with more than 50 tools or machines that are used for size reduction. What we are addressing here is industrial size reduction of dry, solid materials, which are grown, mined or chemically synthesized, and need to have a physical dimension alteration to be put to use. Customers are asked five questions to begin the equipment selection process. What is the material? What is the moisture content? What is the maximum size going into the machine? What is the size range desired after crushing? What is the desired production rate of finished product? When it’s time to dive a bit deeper to define the problem, we ask some additional questions. How long do you expect to operate the plant? Are you looking at mobile, skid-mounted or fixed installation? Are there electrical limitations or special power requirements at the plant site? Is the system open or closed circuit? Do we need to consider future expansion plans now? The variables above all affect your costs. Let’s take the first question as an example. How long do you plan to operate? There are times when mines reserves, stockpiles, permits, project contract terms affect expected life. If a project is limited by any factor, then “good enough” could be the best choice. As long as the equipment is safe and there are machine wear parts and service available, then going “cheap” may be the best choice. Another factor to consider with low-cost is limited post-sale assistance if there is some process change or major equipment problem. You don’t want to be hung out to dry. Aggregate producers typically expect to be running and profitable for many years. Always buy a crusher from an established company, develop a relationship, and expect ongoing service and personal contact. Ask before you buy about how they approach post-sale parts sales and service. Ask the company quoting how they intend to offer service for their crusher. How many field service people do they have? Are they local, regional or too far away? Not having responsive suppliers will have a significant impact on your plant profitability. Summary Investing in the best size reduction equipment for your specific needs is a big decision. The above should give you a lot to think about so equipment solutions can be objectively analyzed. Chris Nawalaniec is vice president of sales and marketing at Stedman Machine Co.

After historic flooding to Fort Randall Dam, located in South Dakota, inspections made it clear there needed to be repairs toward the dam to promise long term stability. In order to reduce concrete shrinkage for such a large product, the owner chose to use PREVent-C admixture at a 5% dosage rate in their specialty concrete mix design. With 130,000 dowel anchors being required to be drilled into the concrete, PREVent-C would help the amount of strain it would create to the concrete.

Check-6’s Performance Coaching program dramatically reduces processing facility’s MSHA violations, increasing production while lowering cost per ton through enhanced leadership mentoring and hands-on workforce engagement.

Mining is an expensive business. The costs of equipment, fuel, payroll and maintenance add up quickly, and every dime spent detracts from the mine’s profits. You want to get the most out of your mining operation, so it’s in your best interest to make sure all aspects of your operation are performing as cost-effectively as possible. Caterpillar understands this challenge, and we have the expertise and technology to help you meet it. We asked our customers to identify their biggest sources of increased costs, and many of them gave us the same five answers: process variability, unscheduled repairs, fuel costs, collisions and shift change. In this paper, we’ve gathered brief explanations of each of these challenges and offered our advice on how you can measure and respond to them. In addition, we’ve included information on how Cat® technologies can help you get the lowest possible cost per ton from your mining operation.